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Yes, this scenario is possible, occurring with certain cases of brain lesions in specific areas of the visual cortex, the fusiform, lingual and posterior parahippocampal gyri. These areas are analogous to what is referred to in primates as V4, or the 4th visual cortex, and are known to be involved (at least partly) in the perception of color (though see ...

As @Gray mentioned, the philosophical problem you are interested in is known as the inverted spectrum. Unfortunately, @Gray's claim about no empirical difference is not exactly true. As @ChuckSherrington pointed out, we can have differences in color perception due to brain lesions, but this is cheating in way. We don't have to go this far, we already have ...

This is an experiment testing the Stroop effect, named after John Ridley Stroop who studied it in 1935, and often called a Stroop experiment. It is a classic and well understood experiment and has now become a neuropsychological test for use in clinical settings, usually called the Stroop test.

I would point you towards the debate on qualia in cognitive science. It has been argued by some philosophers such as David Chalmers that there are internal qualitative states separate from their physical realization. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverted_spectrum With the exception of color-blindness and other differences in visual circuitry such as ...

Mainly, because they're too noticeable. You don't really see houses in electric green, pink, or yellow. No one wants to stand out in a crowd or be the sore thumb. Here: http://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2012/10/12/survey-americans-pretty-much-the-whole-world-prefers-boring-colored-cars I'll post more sources when I can.

One similar idea is the Blue Diamonds Optical Illusion, is a series of identical things that appear to be a series of darker and darker and darker things, indefinitely. It shows that the Cornsweet illusion can be repeated over and over again. This reminds me of the way the Shepard tone plays the same thing over and over again, but the pitch seems to get ...

This paper was written in 2010: Perceptual shift in bilingualism: brain potentials reveal plasticity in pre-attentive colour perception. In this paper, we test whether in Greek speakers exposure to a new cultural environment (UK) with contrasting colour terminology from their native language affects early perceptual processing as indexed by an ...

I tried to find a source to back up the claim that 'red' stimulates hunger. I couldn't, and in fact I found a study that suggests the exact opposite: the color red reduces food intake, because it acts like a stop signal (Genschow et al., 2012). This also reminded me of a study by Brian Wansink and colleagues at Cornell, who had study participants consume ...