Questions tagged [neuroscience]
For questions on the structure and function of the nervous system.
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CPGs and Locomotion
I took a "fundamental of neuroscience" course. And working in the field of bio-inspired robotics.
And here are some questions about CPGs that I need to clarify.
CPGs can generate rhythmic ...
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Are there cases where psychology has offered successful scientific explanations for phenomena that neuroscience hasn't?
Firstly, is there a distinction between a psychological explanation and a neuroscientific one for the same phenomenon?
Imagine if I posed a question to the entire field of psychology, seeking the best ...
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Does chronic THC consumption affect sweating or thermoregulation?
I am wondering how regular long term consumption of THC affects sweating and thermoregulation.
I can't seem to find any papers studying the connection between CB1 activity and sweating / ...
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Hanning window size in EEG power spectrum
I must compute the power spectrum density of sleep EEGs. I was told by an experienced scientist that the process goes as follows:
Artifact detect/reject the EEG
Compute the power spectrum for every 2 ...
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Slow-wave EEG artifact removal
If we want to study a sleep EEG signal in any way (e.g. compute its power spectrum), do we need to remove artifacts from the whole EEG signal, or do we simply need to extract those epochs that ...
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How do I recognize a dog?
I know, neurons take in data from the eyes and pass the data on through synapses to subsequent neurons and synaptic weights from many neurons pass into the subsequent neuron and the neuron adds up all ...
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What is it called when you plan to writing one word but end up writing another thats similar in writing but different in meaning [duplicate]
Is there a name for when you're thinking of one word, you're writing/typing it in but end up writing/typing another word with a different meaning yet similar typing happens? I often have this problem ...
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To what degree are discussions and concepts within philosophy of mind relevant in the field of neuroscience?
Philosophy of mind is a branch of philosophy that deals with the nature of the mind and its relation to the body and the external world.
The mind–body problem is a paradigmatic issue in philosophy of ...
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Is there any type of neuron capable of modeling "nonlinear function" (e.g. trigonometric, instead of "linear" in traditional Neural Networks)?
Modern Deep Learning technologies such as Self Attention and RNN, kind of integrated higher-degree nonlinear functions fundamentally. e.g. $(w_{1_{branch1}}x_1 + w_{2_{branch1}}x_2) \cdot (w_{1_{...
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Research and theories related to the physical form of Cognitive Fallacies
Is there any research about what physically happens inside our brain anatomically and neurologically when we humans commit cognitive fallacies (especially those fallacies documented in the book of ...
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Pyramidial vs Motor vs Interneurons
According to Wikipedia...
Interneurons are neurons that connect to brain regions, i.e. not direct motor neurons or sensory neurons.
And..
Approximately 20–30% of the neurons in the neocortex are ...
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What is the role of mesolimbic dopamine in associative or reinforcement learning?
I was recently told about a Science paper that suggests the old model of association of cause with effect is incorrect. In this model, cue comes, reward occurs, cue comes again, prediction of reward ...
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Encounters, interactions, and great losses
When you encounter someone and interact with someone, it forms a pattern in the brain (and the brain stores, stuff, in some way).
When something goes missing, then something in your mind can't be ...
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Can neurons belong to multiple communities?
I've been reading a little about neural networks in the brain, such as this paper.
Most models have a resolution parameter $γ$, and for each value of that parameter a network can be partitioned into ...
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Bias towards lower frequencies in toy EEG
I am currently working on a scientific experiment that involves the Star Wars Force Trainer II, a toy EEG from Neurosky. It has three dry metal electrodes; one active electrode on the forehead, and ...
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What is the point of having two hemispheres if one works just as well?
Hemispherectomy is a surgical procedure employed to treat epilepsy where an entire hemisphere of the cortex is removed. Astonishingly, when it is performed on very young children, they are seemingly ...
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Calculating Intra-Assay Coefficient of Variance
I am using cortisol data for my master's thesis and I need to report inter-assay and intra-assay coefficient of variance [CV]. In my study, we collected vials of saliva at 5 different time points. The ...
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How is the noise covariance matrix computed and why is it a good measure of sensor reliability?
When using minimum norm methods for source estimation (in the case of EEG), which is to say going from the signal at the recording sites on the scalp to the signals in source space, i.e. equivalent ...
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Are there any papers on the neurobiology/ neuroscience of hyper-industriousness?
I'm quite intrigued by this topic, and, unfortunately, I haven't been able to find any interesting papers on the subject...More specifically, I'd like to know more about the mechanisms that regulate ...
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What is meant by increased vagal tone?
Smiling ,for example,can stimulate vagus nerve as written in the following quote:
Whether it’s through mindfulness, paced breathing, sports, sex or
simply smiling, increased vagal tone is important ...
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Why do certain individuals struggle to memorize song lyrics?
Some people have a hard time memorizing song lyrics, even after repeated listening.
What individual factors contribute to the difficulty in remembering song lyrics?
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Phases of Brain Development and Gender Identity
What stages of brain development are represented by sexual differentiation and linked to prenatal development of gender identity?
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Averaging across electrodes in P300 to make a figure
I have a dataset in which we expect to evoke P300 peaks in an oddball setting. My part of the project considers building a machine learning model to classify whether a participant saw a relevant ...
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Does being rocked in a cradle or sleeping on a ship improve sleep quality in the same way?
As we all know, mothers tend to rock the child in a cradle or in their hands.
Is there any research finding that supports the claim that rocked babies sleep better than ones only held still in their ...
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Main Breaktroughts in Neuroscience in the past decade [2014-2023]
I just finished an online introductory course on neurobiology, dated 2014. Given the fast pace of progress in research in science in the last decade, I wonder if any of the core principles known to ...
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What happens to your body when overcoming side effects of SSRIs?
When you start taking SSRIs your body experiences side effects like vomiting, headaches, diarrhea etc.
Apparently these side effects go away after regular consumption.
What happens inside your body to ...
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The mechanism behind the ADHD?
Nowadays, is there any knowledge about the mechanism through ADHD act? Why the people which have ADHD manifest the symptoms related to the disorder? Is some type of malformation or the presence/...
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Gene Expression Database for Psychological Disorders
Is there a comprehensive database available online of gene expression across the brain taken from individuals with psychological conditions? Resources like the Allen Institute's Human Brain Map (link ...
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What decides which pathway-forming neurons relate to a given thought or behavior? [duplicate]
So I know pathways of neuron connections are what store or “activate” behaviors, memories, information, etc and relate to specific thoughts and other brain functions occurring, and that when we learn ...
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Is the equilibrium potential of the leak current equal to the rest potential?
Correct me where/if I am wrong: At rest, ionic channels in a neuron are closed, except for leakage (like with CL- ions) for instance. So I'd assume that the equilibrium (or reversal) potential for CL- ...
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Is there a complete overview and classification of all Probabilistic Neuronal Codes (PPC)?
I am trying to gather an explicit and complete overview of so-called Probabilistic Neuronal Codes (PPC). I have found various PPC models from literature, but have difficulties having them classified, ...
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Roles of Brain Regions (neocortex and hippocampus) in Explicit (declarative) LTM
My question is what is the role of the hippocampus, neocortex and amygdala in the encoding, storage and retrieval of declarative (explicit) memory, specifically episodic and semantic
I am sort of ...
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Does the Nernst equilibrium in a neuron for a specific ion represent the potential voltage that would be needed to bring the net to 0?
I am learning about the Nernst equilibrium in a neuron (along with the Goldman equation), and while I understand certain concepts individually, I struggle to bring it all together. The Nernst ...
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Tears help remove chemical imbalances caused by stress?
Crying is a natural response to grief and loss. I don't think anyone would deny that. Whether it is an important part of the grieving process is debatable according to some circles, though. Should you ...
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Is it possible to completely describe a real object in terms of brain activity?
I've read that the way perception works in the brain, stimuli from the external world is converted into signals that travel through the brain until they reach regions of the brain that can "...
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Cranial nerve ganglion, or Cranial nerve nucleus?
I have a question that I hope some of you may be able to clarify for me.
I have been taught that dorsal root ganglia are analogous to cranial nerve ganglia except that dorsal root ganglion is located ...
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Why is the same process responsible for both synaptic strengthening and excitotoxicity?
Here are two quotes from Wikipedia with their respective pages.
Synaptic Plasticity
"Two molecular mechanisms for synaptic plasticity involve the NMDA and AMPA glutamate receptors. Opening of ...
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Mesolimbic pathway
I am trying to gain a better understanding of the etymology of terms used in neuroscience as that helps me remember things. In this case I am trying to understand the phrase "mesolimbic pathway&...
user32682
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Why are there receptors inside neural cells?
Reading a recent article which argues on why psychedelic substances are more effective than the naturally occurring neurotransmitters in the brain:
*Breakthrough study discovers that psychedelics ...
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Network Architecture Diagram
I am trying to teach myself some computational neuroscience and am reading through the following textbook: https://www.oxcns.org/b6_text.html.
I'm finding this diagram confusing in particular c). My ...
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Transplant patients experiencing changes in preferences to match their donors
Similar to Where exactly do Emotions and Feelings arise in the human body?, I have been hearing of a phenomenon where transplant patients have been experiencing changes in preferences to match their ...
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Possible explanation for patterns of dementia progression?
(I'm asking this question as a lay-person with respect to neurobiology, so apologies if it lacks rigour.)
Dementia progression is different for each individual, but it seems like there are some ...
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Literature reviews on nerve conduction velocity?
The Wikipedia article for nerve conduction velocity is frustrating because it lacks citations. What is a good survey or overview of the research on nerve conduction velocity?
I'm particularly ...
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What are the evolutionary advantages of displaying fear?
The advice to not show fear is often given, and for good reason. Displaying fear will make one appear weaker, increase the likelihood of others attacking, and cause self-doubt to spread. However, it ...
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Can an EEG response be phase-locked but not time-locked?
In EEG, there are two commonly encountered notions of linkage between a stimulus and a response, usually encountered in literature surrounding event-related potentials (ERPs) or evoked potentials (EPs)...
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Is there any neurological research on schema theory?
I noticed schema theory is frequently mentioned in educational psychology and sociocultural topics but didn't find neurological research related to it. I wonder if there are some shared mechanisms ...
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Are there open data for long-term potentiation/depression experiments?
The following is Figure 8.2 from Dayan & Abbott (2001), p. 292:
It describes the phenomenon of long-term potentiation/depression (LTP/LTD): Change in synaptic strength (y-axis) is inversely ...
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Is there a name or any research on white flashing behind the eyes?
I have encountered anecdotal evidence that sometimes when people meditate, as they progress to higher levels, they sometimes experience flashing white light behind the eyes. And I have also ...
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Does varying evening exposure to blue light sabotage a consistent sleep/wake schedule?
Sleep hygiene measures include keeping a consistent bed time and, more importantly, wake time (Chaput et al., 2020). It is also suggested to minimize exposure to evening blue light (Chellappa et al., ...
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Flow of ions in postsynaptic potentials [closed]
My understanding of postsynaptic potentials is that excitatory neurotransmitters cause Excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) and inhibitory neurotransmitters cause inhibitory postsynaptic ...
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