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Many experiments in cognitive psychology and other domains ask for confidence ratings (e.g., on a 0-100 scale, 100 meaning "I'm sure I experienced this stimulus"). What accounts describe how these decisions are made?

Review papers of this issue would be particularly helpful.

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I think you should remove the word probability from the title - confidence and probability are two very different things. For example, in many decision making experiments subjects have to choose between 2 alternatives, each giving a different reward with a different probability (two armed bandit). This tests, among other things, their perception of reward probability, but doesn't tell us much about their confidence. So asking how people estimate probabilities in general, and how people estimate their confidence are 2 different questions. – Ofri Raviv Feb 8 '12 at 16:44
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Thanks for the suggestions! You're right -- oftentimes, confidence ratings are collected as if they were probability judgments (e.g., 100 confidence equals 100% chance of being accurate), but it wasn't clear from my description. – Andy DeSoto Feb 8 '12 at 18:45

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